Blackouts

A blackout, or a faint, is a sudden loss of consciousness caused by a temporary shortage of blood and oxygen to the brain.

Identifying the causes of blackouts is important for keeping you safe, well and steady on your feet.

Recognising Blackouts

Blackouts can sometimes be challenging to identify, particularly when they are brief. However, it's essential to suspect a blackout if:

• You fell and cannot remember what happened.
• You have injuries to your face, indicating that you may not have had a chance to put your hands out to save yourself.

Common Causes of Blackouts

Blackouts become more common as we age, and they can be caused by a number of things including:

• Drop in blood pressure: A sudden drop in blood pressure, often experienced when changing position (e.g., standing up from a chair).
• Heart disorders: Certain heart conditions or irregularities in heart rhythm can affect our consciousness.
• Anxiety, panic attacks, or stress: Emotional factors such as anxiety, panic attacks, or stress can trigger blackouts in some individuals.

Taking Action

If you suspect that you may have had a blackout, it’s essential to tell your doctor as soon as possible. This will help with finding the cause and choosing the right treatment to prevent future episodes.

Preventing Blackouts and Staying Safe

There are some practical steps you can take to reduce the risk of having a blackout, including:

• Stay well-hydrated: Dehydration can affect your blood pressure, making you feel faint, so make sure you drink enough water all through the day.
• Sit or stand up slowly: When changing positions, do so slowly to minimise sudden changes in blood pressure. Moving your arms and legs before you stand up (after sitting for longer) can help get your blood flow moving and reduce feelings of dizziness and blackouts.
• Manage stress and anxiety: Consider techniques such as relaxation exercises, mindfulness, or counselling to address emotional triggers.
• Follow your GP's recommendations: If you have a medical condition contributing to blackouts, follow your doctor's advice and treatment plan.

To find out more about blackouts and fainting, explore the following resources or use our Self-Assessment Tool:

NHS UK: Fainting

Complete your Self-Assessment now